The over-socialized conception of man in modern sociology. Psychoanalysis and the psychoanalytic review. The Structure of Social Action.
Chief among them has been the lack of a general systematic theory by which to comprehend the generality of social facts and through which … Expand. The Economic Theory of Social Institutions. This book uses game theory to analyse the creation, evolution and function of economic and social institutions. The author illustrates his analysis by describing the organic or unplanned evolution of … Expand. The Focused Organization of Social Ties. American Journal of Sociology.
Sociologists since Simmel have been interseted in social circles as essential features of friendship networks. Although network analysis has been increasingly used to uncover patterns among social … Expand. AS CRITICISM of the traditional theory of production and exchange has mounted in the postwar period, increasing attention has been given to new analytical approaches that seek either to supplant … Expand.
The F-connection: families friends and firms and the organization of exchange. The identity of the people engaged in a transaction is a major determinant of the institutional mode of transaction. The family is the locale of transactions in which identity dominates; however … Expand.
Social psychology. Within the context of psychology, social psychology is the scientific study of how people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others. Recent analysis suggests that the American business elite is differentiated along an "inner group" axis. At one end of the axis are those business people who are primary owners or top managers of … Expand.
The rational peasant. ConclusionI have made assumptions about individual behavior diverging from those of the moral economists.
These assumptions have drawn attention to different features of villages and patron-client … Expand. The Journal of Law and Economics. THE new institutional economics is preoccupied with the origins, incidence, and ramifications of transaction costs. It studies all aspects of society including government and stresses the interrelationships between different institutions. It focuses on the actual study of political behaviour such as process of decision making, role of gender in politics, etc.
Sociology and Economics as social sciences have close relations. Relationship between the two is so close that one is often treated as the branch of the other, because society is greatly influenced by economic factors, and economic processes are largely determined by the environment of the society.
Classical economics however, dealt with interrelations of pure economic variables such as price, demand, supply, etc. Traditionally, it was focussed on understanding of economic activity such as allocation of scarce goods and services in a society and activity in terms of ownership of land and relation to means of production. The dominant trend in economic analysis is about how to formulate laws of economic behaviour of a society.
Sociology on the other hand looks at economic behaviour in a broader context of social norms, values, practices and interests. For example; the large investments in advertisements is directly linked to the need to reshape lifestyles and consumption patterns.
It provides questioning and critical perspectives on basic assumptions of economic behaviour. It facilitates the need for a socially desirable goal. Sociology provides an understanding based on factual knowledge. Sociology and Psychology are closely related with each other. Both are interrelated and inter-dependent. It is said that psychology shows the significance of the relationship between the organism individual and environment and the response of the former to the latter.
It is the science of mind of mental processes. Sociology attempts to understand behaviour as it is organised in society, how personality is shaped by different aspects of society. Anthropologists and sociologists are social scientists concerned with understanding the human condition, past and present, and equipped with the skills of developing rapport in unfamiliar situations, collecting and analysing quantitative and qualitative data, thinking analytically at the macro and micro levels, and communicating effectively, both orally and in writing.
The contact with the West, particularly with England, set in motion another process of transformation in India known as Westernization. It is characterized by Western patterns of administration, legal system and education through the medium of the English language.
Under the impact of the Western way of life, a sizeable section of educated and urbanized Indian adopted Western style of dress, food, drink, speech and manners. They received an impetus in the post-independence period.
The independent India adopted a modern constitution, founded a secular democratic state and followed the policy of planned socio-economic development, democratic decentralization and the policy of protective discrimination for the weaker sections.
In the Third World Countries, there is a growing urge for modernization in the post-independence period. These countries borrowed parliamentary democracy, adult franchise, and modern constitution without the supporting structural base of economy, industrialization, modern technology, literacy and normative base of rationality, civic culture and secular values.
As a result, in several of the ex-colonial societies — democracy could not function successfully. The ethnic, communal, tribal, caste and regional aspirations have become so strong that they are eroding even the basic structures of democracy, modern state and civic society.
In the Indian context, structural inconsistencies are also visible. They are symptoms as well as the cause of social disorganization and social problems. By structural inconsistencies is meant the existence of two opposite sub- structures within the same structure that are not consistent with each other.
In India, on the one hand, there are highly sophisticated modern metropolitan upper and upper middle classes influenced by consumerism.
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